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Journal of Pediatric Psychology Advance Access originally published online on March 20, 2008
Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008 33(7):751-760; doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsn025
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following Journal of Pediatric Psychology issue: Series on Methodology Article [View the issue table of contents]

Exposure to Cigarette Advertising and Adolescents' Intentions to Smoke: The Moderating Role of the Developing Self-Concept

William G. Shadel, PhD1, Shannah Tharp-Taylor, PhD1 and Craig S. Fryer, DrPH, MPH2

1RAND Corporation and 2Center for Minority Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh

All correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to William G. Shadel, PhD, RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. E-mail: shadel{at}rand.org


  Abstract

Objective Increased exposure to cigarette advertisements is associated with increases in adolescent smoking but the reasons for this association are not known. This study evaluated whether the developmental maturity of the self-concept, operationalized as self-conflict, moderated smoking intentions following exposure to cigarette advertisements among adolescents who have never smoked. Methods Eighty-seven adolescents (ages 11–17): (a) completed measures of self-conflict; (b) were exposed to 30 contemporary cigarette advertisements; and (c) rated their intentions to smoke following exposure to each ad. Results Younger adolescents with higher numbers of self-conflicts who also said that cigarette advertising was relevant to them had stronger smoking intentions compared to younger adolescents with lower numbers of self-conflicts after exposure to cigarette advertising. Self-conflict did not play as strong a role with older adolescents. Conclusions Younger adolescents (i.e., middle school aged) who are having the most difficulty figuring out "who they are" are most susceptible to the effects of cigarette advertising.

Key words: advertising; marketing; smoking; tobacco.

Received June 25, 2007; revision received February 14, 2008; accepted February 29, 2008


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